Request Procedures
Spot weather or site specific forecasts may be obtained by Fire Control
Agencies upon request to the National Weather Service in
The Spot
requests should be made via our online
spot request form - http://spot.nws.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/spot/spotmon?site=box
Spot forecasts for prescribed burns are also available at any time. The
National Weather Service will provide spot forecasts for prescribed burns
according to the following criteria:
1.
Upon request of any federal official who represents that the spot forecast is
required under the terms of the Interagency Agreement for Meteorological
Services (See: http://www.nws.noaa.gov/directives/010/pd01004006a.pdf).
2.
Upon request of any state, tribal, or local official who represents that the
spot forecast is required to carry out their wildland
fire management responsibilities in coordination with any federal land
management agency participating in the Interagency Agreement for Meteorological
Services.
3.
Upon request of any public safety official who represents the spot forecast is
essential to public safety, e.g. due to the proximity of population centers or
critical infrastructure. A "public safety official" is an employee or
contract agent of a government agency at any level (federal, state, local,
tribal, etc.) charged with protecting the public from hazards including wildland fires of whatever origin and/or other hazards
influenced by weather conditions such as hazardous material releases.
The
National Weather Service does not provide spot forecasts to private citizens or
commercial entities not acting as an agent of a government agency.
Keep in mind that the response time for spot
forecasts in support of prescribed burns may vary depending on higher priority
duties of the forecaster on duty. This is especially true during non routine
work hours (i.e. those hours other than Monday-Friday 800 am to 400 pm), and
during weekends when staffing is minimal.
Information Needed
On
site weather observations are necessary for issuance of a spot weather
forecast. Minimum requirements for a weather observation include the dry bulb temperature, the relative humidity, and the surface wind speed and direction.
If
those elements are unavailable, and the forecaster feels that will negatively
impact the forecast, he/she may decline to fulfill a formal spot forecast
request.
All
wind measurements are assumed to be at eye level using a hand held wind
instrument. If wind measurements are taken from a tower, this should be noted
and relayed to the forecaster. Please use the Spot Forecast Request Form as guidance for information to
supply to the fire weather forecaster.
For
very large fires (involving thousands of acres), observations should be
obtained, if possible from several points around the fire. This will enable the
forecaster to better gauge the effects of the fire on local weather patterns.
For
prescribed burns, a weather observation from the site should be taken and sent
to the forecaster about two hours before ignition. Location of the fire site
must also be included with the spot forecast. Latitude and longitude along with
a nearby major feature (topographic, town, etc.) is best.
The
fire weather user requesting the spot forecast should also provide the
following information: Location, Size of burn, Elevation, and Fuel
(vegetation) type (e.g. is it a stand of dense pines or perhaps a grassy
field?)
The
National Weather Service forecaster should ask what weather elements are
desired and most important to the burn. The forecaster should also
inquire about the time period for the spot forecast. The first 12 hours
of the burn time should have the most detail in it.
Remember to provide a phone number or
fax number in order for the spot forecast information to reach the proper
location.
Quality Control
If weather conditions develop that were not forecasted and threaten the success of the operations at the fire, the forecaster should be notified immediately. Furthermore, any feedback concerning the accuracy of the spot weather forecast (both positive and negative) will assist the forecaster in subsequent forecasts for the same or similar location.